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History Notes:THE COMING OF THE EUROPEANS Part-1

THE COMING OF THE EUROPEANS Europeans reached the Indian shores in search of wealth and power. In 1498, Portuguese traders became the first to discover the sea route to India when a Portuguese voyager arrived at Calicut (modern Kozhikode, Kerala) on the western coast of India. The Dutch followed them in 1595, the English in 1600, and at last, the French in 1664. All these Europeans came to India for free trade. The Europeans nations established various commercial companies, such as the East India Company in England founded in 1600 and Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie – the United East India Company in the Netherlands – founded in 1602. These companies were formed to capture the spice trade by breaking the monopoly of Portuguese in Asia. Rise of Autonomous States In the eighteenth century, when the Mughal Empire declined, various autonomous states were established such as in Bengal (under Murshid Quli Khan), Oudh or Awadh (under Sadat Khan Burhan-ul-Mulk), Hyderabad (under Nizam-ul

History Notes:THE COMING OF THE EUROPEANS Part-2

In 1600, the English East India Company was established through a  charter signed by Queen Elizabeth I  in 1600. The charter granted the company the permission to trade with India. In 1608,  Captain Hawkins visited the court of Jahangir  but he was denied any trading rights. However, in 1619, when Sir Thomas Roe visited the court, they were allowed to set up their first factory in Surat(authorised factory). Gradually, the company was successful in setting up its factories at other places also such as Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai.’ The agents of the English Company soon became familiar with Indian customs and languages. They learnt  Persian, the official language of the Mughals.  The English agents of this period lived like Indians, intermarried Indians, and most of them settled here permanently. All this gave the English an edge over their other European rivals. The English set up their factories in  Masulipatnam (1611) , Agra, Ahmedabad, Baroda, Broach (1619), Armagaon near  Pulicat

IMPORTANT NOTES ON CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY: UPSC

The Historical Background Indianisation of the superior civil services became one of the major demands of the political movement, compelling the British Indian government to consider the setting up of a Public Service Commission for recruitment of candidates to its services in the Union territory. The first Public Service Commission was set up on 1 October 1926. However, its limited advisory functions failed to satisfy the people’s aspirations and the continued stress on this aspect by the leaders of our freedom movement resulted in the setting up of the Federal Public Service Commission under the Government of India Act, 1935. Under this Act, for the first time, provision was also made for the formation of Public Service Commissions at the provincial level. The Constituent Assembly, after independence, saw the need for giving a secure and autonomous status to Public Service Commissions, both at the Federal and Provincial levels, for ensuring unbiased recruitment to civil services, a

ECONOMICS NOTES for SSC CHSL EXAM

Definition:  A rise in the general level of price in an economy. That is sustained over time. The opposite of Inflation in ‘deflation’.Inflation, in general, is just a price rise.When the general level of prices is falling over a period of time it is called deflation.The rate of inflation is measured on the basis of price indices which are of two kind WPI & CPIWPI - Wholesale Price IndexCPI - Consumer price Index Rate of inflation (Year x) In the index, the total weight is taken as 100 at particular year of the past i.e. Base year (Year of reference)Inflation is measured ‘point to point’. It means that the reference dates for the annual inflation are January to January of two consecutive years. This is similar for even weekly inflation. Types of Inflation: Broadly there are 2 types of inflation. (a) Demand - Pull Inflation: A mismatch between demand & supply pulls up the price.Either demand increases over the same level of supply or the supply decreases the same level of

STATISTICS(basic concept) NOTES for RRB NTPC EXAM

The words ‘Statistics’ appears to have been derived from the latin word ‘status’ meaning a (political) state. In its origin, Statistic was simply the collect of data on different aspects of the life of the people. Statistics deals with data collected for specific purposes. We can make decisions about the data by analysing and interpreting it. Central line tendency Mean : The mean or average of a number of observation is the sum of the value of all the observation divided by the total number of the observations. It is denoted by the symbol ,  read as x bar Here n is a number of observation. Example-  people were asked about the time in a week they spend in doing social work in their community. They said 10, 7, 13, 20 and 15 hours respectively.Find the mean (or average) time in a week devoted by them in social work. Sol.  The mean =(Sum of all the observations)/(Total number of observations) =(10 + 7 + 13 + 20 + 15)/5=65/5=13  So, the time spent by these 5 people in doing socia

GEOGRAPHY NOTES: Indian Agriculture For RRB NTPC EXAM and SSC CHSL EXAM

Green Revolution – I Introduced in 1966 (Plan Holiday) Father of Green Revolt – Dr. Norman Borlog Father of Green Revolt – M. S. Swaminathan (In India) Objectives: - Use of high yielding variety seeds, fertiliser, power and increase food productivity. Green Revolt – Phase – I – Wheat  Phase – II – Rice Focus Area: - Punjab, Haryana, Western U.P.   Green Revolution– II    concept by – Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam “Evergreen Revolution or Rainbow revolution” Start in decade of 2000 Objective: - Promote agriculture a/c to climate condition and also promote organic farming and increase overall food security. Focus crop: - Milk, egg, Meat, Vegetable → A/C to climatic condition Focus Area: - All India Organic farming:  - No use/less use of fertiliser - use bio fertiliser, like – Earthworm - the concept is given by – Albert Howard (1930 – 40) Zero farming:  - up to 3-4 years. – Continuous use of organic fertiliser/ organic farming and due to this fertility of soil increase and Af

SSC - Sample Online Exam

Dear Students, SSC is going to conduct CHSL 2016 from 7th January 2017 to 5th February 2017. SSC has already issued the venue details of candidates. Soon, SSC will issue Admit cards also. Keep checking your respective regional websites for Admit Cards.  SSC has also issued a Sample Online Exam for candidate's convenience and training for the online exam. You can check it on SSC official website. It's important to be familiar with the latest change in the pattern  of The SSC Computer Based Exam.  SSC has taken a very good initiative by uploading a Sample Online Exam. Below, You'll find the link and a screenshot of the Sample form. All the candidates are advised to go through this Sample Online Exam and be exam ready.  We wish you all the very best for your SSC CHSL Exam.        CLICK HERE FOR THE LINK 

Physics and Chemistry--Founders

1. Archimedes—Invention of the famous Archimedean law, discovery of the principles of lever and specific gravity. 2. Avogadro—An Italian scientists known for Avogadro’s hypothesis. 3. Bacquarrel—Radio-activity of uranium. 4. Baird J.L.—Television. 5. Benjamin Franklin—Lightning conductor. 6. Bhabha H.J.—Research in cosmic rays and quantum theory. 7. Binet—Intelligence tests. 8. Bose, J.C.—Crescograph. 9. Bose, S.N.—Discovery of nuclear particles ‘Boson’. 10. Bohr—Electron Theory, Atomic structure. 11. Bunsen—Spectroscope. 12. Bushwell—Submarine. 13. Carothers—Nylon Plastics. 14. Cavendish—Discovery of hydrogen, rare gases, chemical composition of water. 15. Charles Darwin—Theory of Evolution; Origin of Species. 16. Curie, Madame—Radium. 17. Dalton—Law of partial pressures; Atomic theory; laws of chemical combination; the law of multiple proportions. 18. Democritus—(Greek Philosopher)—Atomic theory. 19. Dewar—Thermos flask. 20. Einstein—Theory of relativity. 21. Eucl

Some Important Abbreviations

1 PAN* -permanant account number *2. PDF*-portable document format *3. HDFC -*-housing development finance corporation *4. SIM -*-Subscriber Identity Module *5. ATM -* -Automated Teller machine *6. IFSC -*-Indian Financial System Code *7. FSSAI(fssai) -*-'फुल सेफ्टी अँड स्टँडर्ड्स अथॉरिटी ऑफ इंडिया' *8-Wi-Fi-*-wireless fidelity 1.) *GOOGLE* - Global Organization Of Oriented Group Language Of Earth. 2.) *YAHOO* - Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle. 3.) *WINDOW* - Wide Interactive Network Development for Office work Solution. 4.) *COMPUTER* - Common Oriented Machine Particularly United and used under Technical and Educational Research. 5.) *VIRUS* - Vital Information Resources Under Siege. 6.) *UMTS* - Universal Mobile Telecommunicati ons System. 7.) *AMOLED* - Active-matrix organic light-emitting diode. 8.) *OLED* - Organic light-emitting diode. 9.) *IMEI* - International Mobile Equipment Identity. 10.) *ESN* - Electronic Serial Number. 11.) *UPS* - Unin

Jayalalithaa, Our Dear Amma, RIP

The  chief minister of Tamil Nadu , leader to many Tamils and 'Amma' to millions, J Jayalalithaa died on Monday, 5 Dec, 2016 after undergoing treatment at Apollo Hospitals in Chennai for 73 days. She was 68. Jayalalithaa+ , who was admitted to hospital on September 22 with complaints of fever and dehydration, suffered a cardiac arrest on Sunday evening. On Monday, Jayalalithaa continued to be very critical and was on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and life support systems. And the end came at 11.30pm.   Born on February 24, 1948, Jayalalithaa entered films when she was 16 years old. Making her debut as lead actress in a Kannada film, she was launched into Tamil films starring as the heroine in MGR's "Ayirathil Oruvan." Jayalalithaa and MGR acted together in 28 films, many of them super hits. She acted in more than 140 films in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Hindi and English. Her formal entry into politics happened in 1982 when she was induc

Unfortunate Plane Crash : A black Day for Sports

Yesterday can be termed as a Black Day in the history as it claimed many lives.  There are times when language fails, whether you’re in Asia, the America, Europe or elsewhere. These moments often involve extreme emotions: sadness and joy, fear and love. And this one is really sad as yesterday was the black day for all football fans and also for the people who wish for world peace as two heart-chilling incidents took place.  First, there was another attack in Nagrota, J&k in which three militants  in police uniform attacked an army artillery unit in which 2 officers and 5 Jawan were killed, however, all three militants were killed in the encounter. We salute the courage and bravery of the defence personnel martyred yesterday in J&K. They served the nation with utmost dedication. We are all saddened by their demise, may their souls rest in peace. They were the fine young men and a credit to the uniform they wore. They are true heroes and country will long remember their valour

World Aids Day: 1st December

World AIDS Day  is observed across the world on  1 December annually.  The theme for 2016 World Aids Day is  ‘Hands Up for HIV Prevention’.  The day is observed to raise awareness to the Aids pandemic caused by the spread of the HIV infection. The day is celebrated by the government organizations, NGOs, civil society and other health officials by organizing the speeches or forums discussion related to the AIDS

DEMONETISATION: Changing Face of INDIAN ECONOMY

“Surgical Strike”, “Great,” “Masterstroke,” “Historical”  echoed commentators, think tanks, rating agencies and the public at large, when in late evening of 8th November, 2016 the Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced that Rs500  and Rs1,000 currency notes would no longer be recognized legally as currency.  The Prime Minister narrated that the move complements the country’s Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. “For years, this country has felt that corruption, black money and terrorism are festering sores, holding us back in the race towards development.” “To break the grip of corruption and black money, we have decided that these currency notes presently in use will no longer be legal tender from midnight.” Added Finance Minister Arun Jaitley:  “The goal of this is to clean transactions, to clean money.”  Question is whether this masterstroke is “masterful” enough. Will November 8, 2016, be remembered as grand event in the history of India or will it be just another passing event?  Is the weapon

Constitution day:  26th November

26 November 2016 ------------------------------- The Constitution Day of India  is being observed on  26th November  to spread awareness of Indian Constitution. On this day in 1949, constitution of India was adopted and came into force on January 26, 1950 marking the beginning of a new era in the history of free India. The Union Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment ( MSJE )  is the nodal Ministry for the celebration of Constitution Day. This year it is second edition of the Constitution Day. On this occasion Prime Minister Narendra has released two books on Constitution  ‘Making of Constitution’ and ‘New Version of Constitution of India‘. So, let's discuss some questions related to this post: Q1.  On which Date Constitution Day is observed? Answer: 26th November

अति महत्वपूर्ण जानकारियां

● खजुराहों के मंदिर कहाँ स्थित हैं— मध्य प्रदेश ● हवा महल कहाँ स्थित है— जयपुर ● बड़ा इमामबाड़ा कहाँ स्थित है— लखनऊ ● चेतक घोड़ा किससे संबंधित है— राणा प्रताप ● बीजागणित के क्षेत्र में अपने विशेष योगदान के लिए किसे जाना जाता है— भास्कर ● सबसे पुराना वाद्य यंत्र कौन-सा है— वीणा ● किस वृहत मंदिर की आरंभिक कल्पना तथा निर्माण सूर्यवर्मन द्वितीय के राज्य काल में हुआ— अंकोरवाट का मंदिर ● अमरावती बौद्ध स्तूप कहाँ है— आंध्र प्रदेश में ● सलहर के युद्ध में मुगल सेना को किसने हराया— शिवाजी ने ● सलहर का युद्ध कब हुआ था— 1672 ई. ● किसे ‘रंगीला’ बादशाह कहा जाता है— मुहम्मद शाह ● भारत का अंतिम मुगल सम्राट बहादुरशाह जफर (द्वितीय) का मकबरा कहाँ स्थित है— रंगून (यंगून), म्यांमार में ● अहमद शाह अब्दाली ने भारत पर कितनी बार आक्रमण किए— 8 बार ● नादिरशाह ने भारत पर आक्रमण कब किया— 1739 ई. ● शिवाजी के समय कितना राजस्व वसूला जाता था— भू-राजस्व का 33% ● ‘आगरा की जामा मस्जिद’ का निर्माण किसने कराया— जहाँआरा ने ● किस सिख गुरु ने फारसी भाषा में जफरनामा लिखा— गुरु गोविंद सिंह ● गुरु नानक का जीवन

GA Questions asked in IBPS PO MAINS 2016

1. Corporation Bank Headquarter-  Mangalore 2. BSDBA limit -  Rs . 10000 3. Khaliko Pul was CM of-  Arunachal Pradesh 4. NATO Summit 2017- Belgium (Brussels) 5. One Question asked from Payment Bank 6. One Question asked from MIPS  7. One Question asked from Nobel prize in Economy 2016 8. Indravati national park which district-Dantewada , Chhattisgarh 9. Bhavani dam which state- Tamil Nadu 10. Antiwerp diamond situated in which country- Belgium  11. EFTPOS stands for- Electronic Funds Transfer at Point of Sale  12. One Question asked from Gross value added (GVA) Rate 13. 22195 cr given for capitalization& for- 13 ailing public sector banks  14. CRR need for? - CRR is a crucial monetary policy tool and is used for controlling money supply in an economy 15.  Bermuda triangle in which ocean- North Atlantic Ocean

How to reach Akademia Online Test Centre, Dwarka

Hello Friends Today I will tell you about common route to exam centre Akademia Online Test Centre, Dwarka. First you have to reach Dwarka Mor Metro railway station , then you have to take e-rickshaw which will take 5 or 10 rupees to the exam centre. I hope you like this, so kindly comment below the post and do share your response. Thanks for reading :)

Fight Against Black Money and Corruption

As you are aware, our honourable Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi has announced demonetisation of old notes of Rs.500 and Rs.1000. This is a very radical and revolutionary step taken by our Prime Minister. No ordinary leader can even think of such tough steps to deal with the plague of black money. This has long term benefits for all countrymen -   Black money hoarders  will have a tough time. Now they will be left with no option other than depositing the money in their bank account or burning the stashed notes. Fake notes circuit  will be dismantled immediately. Illegal election funding  of political parties will stop Bank deposits  will spike. Since banks will have more money to dispense, loan rates will come down.Inflation will be come down drastically. Jewellery and real estate  prices will come down, since people will have no black money to invest in such assets. But, size of this operation is so huge that this move is doing to have an impact on our day to day life. In short te

Donald Trump elected 45th President of United States

Billionaire-turned-politician Donald Trump  has been elected the 45th President of the United States. The Republican party candidate secured the support of  276 of the 538  members of the electoral college, beating Democratic party rival Hillary Clinton. President-elect Trump will formally take charge of the Oval Office  on January 20, 2017, dubbed as the 'Inauguration Day'. Initially, the Indian citizens who were indeed watching the election with incredulity, did not have very strong opinions about any of the candidates. This is mainly because this year’s campaign was fought more on scandals than on policies which include historical load and the diaspora. But if one has followed the campaigns closely, it can be said that the outcome of this election will affect trade ties between America and other countries. But if it will affect India, is debatable, as Indian economy is already doing very well, along with the fact that our foreign policies regarding each other are so stron

Images of Dangerous Smog of Delhi on 5 November 2016

Hello friends  What Delhi saw today was totally shocking as whole Delhi was covered by dangerous smog. It is very dangerous condition for Delhi because each corner of Delhi was recorded above 500 PM. People were suffering from different kind of respiratory and irritation problems. I don't know what to say but i can show the images of today's smog to lighten up this disastrous condition of Delhi. I just want to say to the government to take immediate and strict action to make Delhi livable. Thanks I hope you like this, so kindly comment below the post and do share your response. Thanks for reading :)

List of bird​ Sanctuary of all states​

🎈Andhra Pradesh​ 👇 Atapaka Bird Sanctuary​ Nelapattu Bird Sanctuary​ Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary​ Sri Peninsula Narasimha Wildlife Sanctuary​ Uppalapadu Bird Sanctuary​ 🎈Assam​ Bordoibam Beelmukh Birds’ Sanctury  Deepor beel bird sanctuary​ Panidihing bird sanctuary​ 🎈Bihar​ Nagi Dam Bird Sanctuary​ Nakti Dam Bird Sanctuary​ 🎈Delhi​ Najafgarh drain bird sanctuary​ 🎈Goa​ Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary​ 🎈Gujarat​ Gaga Wildlife Sanctuary​ Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary​ Kutch Bustard Sanctuary​ Nal Sarovar Bird Sanctuary​ Porbandar Bird Sanctuary​ Thol Lake​ 🎈Haryana​ Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary​ Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary​ 🎈Himachal Pradesh Gamgul​ 🎈Karnataka​ Attiveri Bird Sanctuary​ Bankapura​ Bankapura Peacock Sanctuary​ Bonal Bird Sanctuary​ Gudavi Bird Sanctuary​ Kaggaladu​ Kaggaladu Bird Sanctuary​ Magadi Bird Sanctuary​ Mandagadde Bird Sanctuary​ Puttenahalli Lake (Yelahanka) Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary​ 🎈Kerala​ Kadalundi Bird Sanctuar

बैंको के Headquarters के नाम याद रखने की Short Trick

A. याद रखने के लिए यदि किसी बैंक के नाम में " Bank of India " आता है तो उसका मुख्यालय मुंबई होगा . BANK OF INDIA “ ==> -MUMBAI 1. BANK OF INDIA ==> MUMBAI 2. Central BANK OF INDIA ==> MUMBAI 3. Industrial Development BANK OF INDIA ==> MUMBAI 4. State BANK OF INDIA ==> MUMBAI 5. Union BANK OF INDIA ==> MUMBAI 6. Reserve BANK OF INDIA ==> MUMBAI 7. Securities and Exchange BOARD OF INDIA ==> MUMBAI 8. Dena Bank - ==> MUMBAI (देना बैंक को छोड़ कर) B. यदि किसी बैंक के नाम में " UNITED " आता है तो उसका मुख्यालय KOLKATA होगा. 9. UNITED Bank of India 10. UNITED Commercial Bank 11. Allahbad Bank C. यदि किसी बैंक के नाम में " PUNJAB MAHILA " आता है तो उसका मुख्यालय DELHI होगा. 12. PUNJAB National Bank 13. PUNJAB & Sind Bank 14. Bharathiya MAHILA Bank 15. Oriental bank of commerce D. यदि किसी बैंक के नाम में " INDIAN " आता है तो उसका मुख्यालय CHENNAI होगा. 16. INDIAN Overseas Bank 17. INDIAN Bank E.

ASEAN :One Vision One Identity One Community

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a regional grouping which promotes economic, political, and security cooperation among its members. It was established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand, with the signing of the ASEAN Declaration (Bangkok Declaration) by the Founding Fathers of ASEAN, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand.  The ASEAN Community is comprised of three pillars, the Political-Security Community, Economic Community and Socio-Cultural Community. ASEAN work with a motto of “One Vision, One Identity, One Community”. The group was expanded by adding 5 more nations which are Brunei Darussalam, Lao PDR, Cambodia, Myanmar and Vietnam. Cambodia was the last added member of the group in 1999. Currently ASEAN has ten members :   Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Singapore, Brunei Darussalam, Lao PDR , Vietnam,  Myanmar and Cambodia. ASEAN Headquarter : Jakarta, Indonesia ASEAN was basically established in order to: 1.

How to reach Ion Digital Zone Sector 62 Noida, C block shortest way

Hello Friends, It's always been adventure to find new place but sometimes it could be so frustrating too for people who are not aware about this place. Today i will tell you about common path of  iON Digital Zone iDZ 1 & 2, 30/7A, C Block, Sector 62, C Block, Phase 2, Industrial Area, Sector 62, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201309. The path is simple and very easy. Normal Day Ion Digital Noida 1. First reach to Noida City Centre and then take auto to C-Block, sector-62 to reach the centre. (Fare- 30 Rupees/-) There are two big companies buildings- Samsung and Barclays. 2. From Noida Sec 15 either you can take sharing auto for sector 62 and get down near CSC ( You can tell auto driver to stop at CSC, Fare : 20 rs/ person) or you can take private auto to Sec 62 ( fare: 100 rs). Rajiv Chowk to Noida City Centre I hope you like this, so kindly comment below the post and do share your response. Thanks for reading :)

IAS SYLLABUS AND EXAM PATTERN

I hope you like this, so kindly comment below the post and do share your response. Thanks for reading :)

Reasoning Puzzles (Study Notes)

Today we’ll discuss about Puzzle. This topic is can fetch you marks easily but you need to know the right concepts and types of questions to practice.  In banking exams Puzzle questions can be asked in itself or Data Sufficiency. Usually 10-12 questions can be asked from this topic, thus it can fetch you easy marks with right practice. Introduction:  From practical experience and the general trends, it can be asserted that the question on “puzzle” can be generally classified into the following types of problems:- 1. Simple problems of categorization 2. Arrangement problems 3. Comparison Problems 4. Blood Relations 5. Blood Relations with professions 6. Conditional selection 7. Miscellaneous problems In the puzzles, you shall be given fast-working and efficient methods for all the types of problems above. Preliminary steps  1. First of all, take a quick glance at the question. This would need not more than a couple of seconds. 2. After performing this step you would develop

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